Several industrial sectors (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agri-food) are increasingly turning to the incorporation of molecules of natural origin, with original chemical and biological characteristics, into their formulations. People are becoming reluctant to consume products derived from chemical synthesis. Adding value to active ingredients of natural origin therefore represents enormous economic potential. Many oilseeds from the Congo Basin, and Gabon in particular, have a wide range of medicinal virtues thanks to the various active ingredients they contain: alkaloids, polyphenols, etc. and fats. Their chemical components are a treasure trove for the synthesis of many medicines, food additives and cosmetics. Biomolecules extracted from the oleaginous seeds of tropical plants could represent a major economic challenge, for example in industry, where they could offer a clean alternative to petrochemicals.