Plant biotechnology refers to the application of various principles and methods of life sciences to create improved varieties of plants. Cross breeding and mutation breeding are the most widely used practices studied under it. Modern plant biotechnology can be classified into two major fields, namely, plant tissue culture and recombinant DNA technology. In plant tissue culture, the excised part of a living plant, also known as explant, is grown in a sterile plant tissue culture medium. The joining together of DNA molecules from two different species takes place within recombinant DNA technology. Some of the other techniques studied under it are micropropagation and genetic engineering. This book presents the complex subject of plant biotechnology in the most comprehensible and easy to understand language. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies and advanced studies on plant biotechnology have been included herein. This book will serve as a source of knowledge to a wide spectrum of readers