Currently the imbalance relationship between population number and existing resource is one of serious problem in third world countries like Ethiopia. Rapid population growth is a driving force for the occurrence of population pressure in highland part of Ethiopia. One of the direct effect of population pressure is land scarcity which is finally resulted in food insecurity in Damot Woyde Woreda of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia .This book, therefore, tries to investigate the relationship between population pressure and food security on rural households of the above said study area. The result of this work is important in providing information for any concerned bodies and professionals who are interested on the issue.