Poverty reduction strategies have been at the center stage of development programmes. Agriculture has been a central element of focus on poverty reduction strategy. Nigerian agriculture is dominated by small scale farmers who produce the bulk of food in the country. The vicious circle of poverty among these farmers largely accounts for unimpressive performance of the agricultural sector. Increasing growth in the agricultural sector is the most efficient means of alleviating poverty and generating long-term sustainable development. Resources must be used much more efficiently, with more attention paid to eliminating waste. The success in achieving broad-based economic growth depends largely on the ability to efficiently utilize the available resources. A very little empirical literature exists on the link between resource use efficiency and poverty reduction among farming households. This book, therefore, provides useful information on poverty and inequality among farming households. This book should help shed some light on the link between resource use efficiency and poverty reduction among farming households, and should be especially useful as a guide for poverty reduction policy.