Global forest resources are under attack, not just from native pests, but also increasingly from alien or non-indigenous forest pests that are finding their way to new ecosystems and in some cases causing serious mortality and damage. Examples of these invasions can be found in forests worldwide, and in most cases, the introduction of the pests can be linked to international trade. Many countries have documented the interception of insect pests on imported wood and wood products, and such data indicate that pests are coming from and going to most trading nations. All countries are therefore likely complicit in the international movement of forest pests. As such, it is appropriate and likely most effective if approaches to mitigation of pests are agreed upon and developed at the international level.