Book 6 of Ptolemy's "Geography" (2nd cent. AD) deals with Assyria, Media, Susiana, Persis, Parthia, the Carmanian Desert, Arabia Felix, Carmania, Hyrcania, Margiana, Bactriana, Sogdiana, Sakaland, Skythia, Serica, Areia, Paropanisadai, Drangiana, Archaosia, and Gedrosia. In the present part of ther work the authors offer the first complete critical edition of this important text. A second part will deal with the respective maps, and a third part will be formed by a commentary with philological, historical, and linguitic analysis of the single geographical ent ethnographical names.