History in Africa has been a fundamental part of society for generations. In recent years, research has shown that orality is the basis of African historical sources. As a result, much of the information obtained on African history is second-hand. However, archaeology has played a major role in the reconstruction of African history. In fact, many Africanist archaeologists have worked on Africa, such as Professor Raymond Mauny (1912-1994), who did most of his work in Africa. Our task is resolutely to list the work of this eminent professor on the African Middle Ages, and to stipulate the explicit nature of his methodology.