The branch of study which focuses on the nerve cells as well as the manner in which they transmit and receive information is termed as neurophysiology. There are various methods of research within this field, a few of which are using patch clamp, extracellular single-unit recording, voltage clamp for electrophysiological recording. Close loop neurophysiology is one of the approaches to the study of neural systems wherein the neural behavior and activity is recorded and used to deliver a real time activity-dependent stimulation. This approach considers the brain to be a set of loops which is interacting with and among itself as well as with the environment in a relational fashion. This book explores all the important aspects of closed-loop neurophysiology in the present day scenario. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.