Did new senses of the self emerge in the High Roman Empire, and if so what were the religious corollaries? Were such changes connected to processes of institutional change? Could they usefully be described as "individualisation"? These are the key concerns of the authors of this volume. They address the field of Hellenistic philosophy, medical texts and the literature of the so-called Second Sophistic, which all have been recruited to this debate. Most important, however, religious phenomena are included and brought to the fore. Thus the analysis of concepts of the self in Plutarch and Epictetus is followed by studies of practices and discourses in the "Shepherd of Hermas," Clement of Alexandria and Ptolemaeus of Rome, Justin Martyr and the Corpus Hermeticum, Lucian of Samosata, Seneca and later Christian authors. Religious practices turn out to be of central importance for the development of concepts of the "self". Contributors: Eran Almagor, Dorothee Elm von der Osten, Peter Gemeinhardt, Richard Gordon, Anna Van den Kerchove, Anders Klostergaard Petersen, Harry O. Maier, Christoph Markschies, Elena Muñiz Grivaljo, Jörg Rüpke, Wolfgang Spickermann, Zsuzsanna Várhelyi, Jula Wildberger, Gregory D. Woolf