This volume, one in a series of books examining religious rivalries, focuses in detail on the religious dimension of life in two particular Roman cities: Sardis and Smyrna. Most of the 15 essays are revised from seminars over three years sponsored by the Canadian Society of Biblical Studies to explore the rivalries between Christianity, Judaism, and Greco-Roman religions in specific places in the early centuries of the current era. They look at religious groups in the two cities (now in Turkey), indirect contact among Jews and Christians, interaction among religious groups, and broadening the context.