Star formation is relevant to nearly every area of astrophysics, from planetary science to galaxy evolution, yet the physical processes that determine the rates of star formation and its spatial and temporal distribution are still poorly understood. IAU Symposium 373 focuses on the impact that resolved studies of galaxies, both observational and theoretical, are having on the understanding of star formation on all scales. It highlights the latest advances in understanding star formation in its galactic context and how it drives galaxy evolution. A key advance has been the ability to spatially resolve the sub-kiloparsec scales on which star formation relations are established, bridging the gap between resolved studies in the local neighborhood and large-scale galaxy surveys. Alongside this, a new generation of cosmological simulations have helped to interpret these new data, providing new techniques for confronting them with observations. This volume shares these developments, for graduate students and researchers.