The restoration of Israel is one of those subjects which, although crucial to our understanding of early Judaism, has not received the focused attention it needs and deserves. These seminal essays, written by an international group of eminent scholars, introduce the reader to the subject of restoration in a roughly chronological approach, beginning with the formative period (the Old Testament), followed by the Greco-Roman period, formative Judaism, and early Christianity. These essays endeavor not merely to survey what is currently known about the subject from various vantage points, but rather to extend what is knowable in each case. This volume will stimulate much interest in the subject of restoration and will shape the future course of the scholarly discussion.