In 2004 the World Health Organization declared the incidence of fatalities and injuries due to road collisions as one of the leading epidemics of our time. The United Nations have made a similar declaration for 2007. This book reviews the traditional engineering responses of governments to this road safety problem, including analytical techniques, effectiveness, and shortcomings of the conventional reactive approach. It then describes how to overcome the knowledge gap to a more proactive engineering approach to road safety, including the methodology, development, and use of a new family of reliable empirical tools to do road safety planning, termed macrolevel collision prediction models. Several case studies are given, demonstrating that this proactive road safety approach can reap significant sustainability benefits. This book is addressed to professionals and sustainability advocates seeking more sustainable land use and transportation development patterns, like planners, engineers, governments, residents, educators, journalists and Communications Managers. It is also directed towards scientists and researchers in Road Safety, Sustainability, Planning and Engineering.