The primary work of this book has been based on analyzing the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) a cardioprotective phenomenon, in pathological condition of hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia possesses an important risk factor for Ischemic Heart Disease. IPC was noted to reduce I/R-induced myocardial injury in normal rat heart. However, the cardioprotective effect of IPC was insignificant in hyperlipidemic rat heart. Thus, it is strongly suggested that the development of high degree of oxidative stress & down-regulation of PPAR-¿ in hyperlipidemic rat heart may be responsible for the observed paradoxical effect of IPC. Fenofibrate and Clofibrate have restored the cardioprotective effects of IPC in hyperlipidemic rat heart, it may be suggested that PPAR-¿ mediated activation in hyperlipidemic rat heart may be responsible for the restoration of cardioprotective potentials of IPC. This study for the first time reports that Clofibrate and Fenofibrate have significant role in the restoration of abrogated cardioprtective effects of IPC in hyperlipidemic condition.