This book fills a gap between theory and practice in the field of the rural communities research. The book consists of fourteen chapters which analyse specific aspects and suggest possible solutions regarding rural communities in the global economy, insisting on the recent transformations of the classical rural economy paradigms in contemporary economies. The main topics of the book are centered but not limited to the following aspects: Recent transformations of the rural communities; Rural paradigm agricultural and food models; Rural sustainable investments; Consumption models; Business investments strategies in rural areas; Transition economics and market reforms in rural economy; Market inequity and rural economy; Business models and start-ups in rural areas. This book tries to provide insights and support for policy makers, investors, researchers - all of this connecting to the rural communities in the global economy. In this context, the objective of the book is to provide relevant theoretical frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in the area of green rural communities in the global economy and their impact on sustainable development of competitive markets.