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Rural History of Soviet Central Asia: Land Reform and Agricultural Change in Early Soviet Uzbekistan de Beatrice Penati

Rural History of Soviet Central Asia: Land Reform and Agricultural Change in Early Soviet Uzbekistan: Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies, cartea 31

Autor Beatrice Penati
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 12 dec 2024
In the mid-1920s, Uzbekistan’s countryside experienced a ‘land reform’, which aimed at solving rural poverty and satisfying radical fringes among peasants and Party, while sustaining agricultural output, especially for cotton. This book analyses the decision-making process underpinning the reform, its implementation, and economic and social effects. The reform must be understood against the background of the wreckage caused by war and revolution, and linked to subsequent policies of ‘land organisation’ and regime-sponsored ‘class struggle’.
Overall, this is the first comprehensive account of early Soviet policy in Central Asia’s agricultural heartland, encompassing land rights, irrigation, credit, resettlement, and the co-operative system.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9789004697775
ISBN-10: 9004697772
Pagini: 650
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 mm
Greutate: 1.29 kg
Editura: Brill
Colecția Brill
Seria Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies

Notă biografică

Dr Beatrice Penati is Senior Lecturer in Russian and Eurasian History at the University of Liverpool. She has published widely on the history of taxation, cotton, economic policy, and resources use in Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia.

Cuprins

Contents
Acknowledgements
List of Maps, Figures, Charts, and Tables
Abbreviations

Introduction
1 A Contested Field
2 Between Land Organization and Class Struggle
3 Economic Growth and State-Building
4 Redistributive Agrarian Reform
5 A Note on Sources

1 The Collapse of Central Asian Agriculture (1915–1921)
1 Land, Water, and People
2 Between War and Revolution
3 Economic Effects of the Civil War and Basmachi Struggle
4 Restoring the Grain-Cotton Nexus

2 An Unfinished Reform (1921–1924)
1 Between ‘Toiling Land Usage’ and Decolonization
2 A ‘Fundamental Land Law’ po-turkestanski?
3 Shifting Ground: Ruling Land Organization
4 Water Legislation: Controversial Points

3 Bolsheviks as Firemen (1924–1925)
1 Peasant Living Standards in the First Half of the 1920s
2 Land Crisis? Land Squatting and Invasions between 1924 and 1925
3 An Embarrassed Chain of Command
4 ‘We Need to Create an Illusion’
5 Decreeing the Reform
6 The Perils of Factionalism

4 The First Wave: Samarkand, Tashkent, and Fergana (1925–1926)
1 The Soviets Discover the Countryside
2 Between ‘Land Commissions’ and the Narkomzem
3 The Party and the Koshchi Union
4 Mobilising for (and against) the Reform
5 The Reform in Action
6 Certificates, Implements, and Livestock

5 Results and Immediate Impact of the Reform
1 ‘Victims’ and Beneficiaries
2 The Land Stock and Its Destiny
3 The Cotton Sector
4 Social Effects
5 Money Matters

6 Expanding and Deepening the Reform (1926–1927)
1 Land Policies in the People’s Soviet Republics of Bukhara and Khorezm
2 Preparing and Executing the Reform in the Zeravshan Province
3 Grappling with chairikërstvo, Protecting Labour
4 Re-capturing the Peasantry: Credit and Co-operatives
5 The Cotton Procurement Mechanism

7 Promised Land: New and Restored Irrigation in the 1920s
1 The Rush to Irrigate
2 Drying Marshes and Reshuffling Villages in the Samarkand Province
3 New Irrigation in Fergana
4 Sand Storms and Immigration: the Zeravshan Province
5 Land Reform vs. Irrigation? Dal’verzin and the Hungry Steppe
6 Political Consequences
7 The Limits of Modernisation: Water Duties, Labour, and Technology

8 The Cultivation of Class Struggle (1927–1929)
1 Land Reform and Class Ascription
2 ‘There Are No pomeshchiki in Uzbekistan’
3 Wrapping Up the Land Reform: the dolikvidatsia
4 The Rest of Uzbekistan Catches Up

9 ‘Land Organization’ Hijacked (1927–1930)
1 Plans and Cotton Plans
2 ‘Wholesale Land Organization’ after the Land Reform
3 The Assaka ‘Experimental District’
4 The Experiment Spills Over
5 New Irrigation, Resettlement, and State Farms in Dal’verzin
6 Reconsidering pereselenie
7 Toward Wholesale Collectivization

Conclusion
1 A Summary
2 Cotton Duties and Land Rights
3 Citizenship and Subalternity
4 Development and Mobilisation

Archives
Bibliography

Recenzii

From the peer review reports:
"This book is the result of masterful research. It will become a milestone in studies of the economic and social history of modern Central Asia and for studies of agricultural policies during the New Economic Policy in the Soviet Union more broadly." - Niccolò Pianciola, University of Padua
"This volume is a much needed and appreciated contribution to the fields of Central Asian history and Soviet history, but will also surely be welcomed and prized by economic historians, and historians of agriculture, labour or social relations with comparative interests in Eurasia and the Middle East." - Flora Roberts, Assistant Professor of Environmental History, Utrecht University