The mission of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness. One of NIST's core competencies is the development and use of standards. During late 2007, Technology Services (TS) canvassed other NIST Operating Units (OUs) to answer the question: How well is NIST doing in this area? The OUs were specifically asked about instances where NIST has played an active role in the development or implementation of documentary standards that: (1) have been broadly adopted, or (2) have produced, or are expected to produce, significant economic or societal benefits. This study reports on the results of the survey. The report is intended to reflect NIST's success in meeting its mission, executive guidance, and legislative requirements for developing standards and reporting on the effect of those standards on the manufacturing and service sectors. The survey and study also support one of the NIST Director's strategic priorities: to foster more efficient transactions in the domestic and global marketplace through development and use of effective standards by manufacturing and service sectors.