SmartWay is a voluntary collaboration between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the business community (e.g., truck and rail carriers, shippers, logistics companies1) to improve fuel efficiency and reduce environmental impacts from moving goods. Established by EPA in 2004, SmartWay is the only voluntary program working across the entire freight system to comprehensively address key national economic, energy, and environmental goals related to goods movement and freight sustainability. Environmental, state, and community groups rely upon SmartWay's clean air achievements in protecting Americans' health and well-being. The freight industry uses price and on-time signals to assess its performance, but has historically lacked the necessary data to track its progress in environmental performance. In today's increasingly competitive global economy, corporations need to assess their carbon and criteria pollutant emissions consistently across their global supply chains.