The Social Balance was created by social accounting with the objective of generating information that demonstrates the degree of social and environmental responsibility of organizations. This book approaches the Social Balance as a management tool and makes an evolutionary analysis of Petrobras' social balance sheets, in relation to the environment. It sought to answer what is the relationship between investments in social and environmental responsibility described in the Petrobras Social Balance Sheet and contingencies in the environmental field, in the period from 1998 to 2012? The general objective is to analyze the evolution of investments in the social and environmental area of Petrobras, in the period from 1998 to 2012 and, complementarily, identify the influence of environmental pressures on the results generated.