Unlike the conflicts of decolonization, the contemporary ones present new characteristics. The current conflicts define a new aspect both at the level of causalities and at the level of strategies and tactics that structure their dynamism. The diachronicity of the facts defines the extinction of certain conflicts and the explosion of others. Therefore, it is appropriate to say that the exit, management and sustainable resolution of a crisis should be driven by security sector reform (SSR) and the disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and resettlement (DDR) program. SSR and DDR consequently improve the socio-economic living conditions of the target actors, i.e., former combatants. The objective of this work is therefore to facilitate (through understanding and guiding actions) the psychosocial restoration of ex-combatants for an efficient return to civilian life.