V rossiyskoy ekonomike proshlogo veka imeli mesto aktivnye i glubokie transformatsionnye protsessy. Prakticheskie problemy, voznikayushchie v khode ekonomicheskikh transformatsiy, podvergayutsya glubokomu nauchnomu analizu ekonomicheskoy teoriey. Eti problemy obrazuyut dostatochnoe metodologicheskoe osnovanie dlya teoreticheskoy otsenki proiskhodyashchey institutsionalizatsii ekonomicheskikh preobrazovaniy v Rossii i sozdayut, v svoyu ochered', ustoychivuyu teoreticheskuyu bazu dlya prinyatiya prakticheskikh resheniy v sfere obespecheniya sotsial'noy orientatsii reform. Formirovanie sovremennoy ekonomiki sotsial'nogo tipa, i v tom chisle effektivnoy sistemy razvitiya cheloveka, yavlyaetsya aktual'noy problemoy dlya vsekh naibolee razvitykh stran sovremennogo mira. Postindustrial'nye vyzovy s ikh demograficheskimi problemami priveli k krizisu gosudarstva vseobshchego blagodenstviya i postavili pered mnogimi stranami zadachu glubokoy transformatsii ne tol'ko ekonomicheskoy, no i sotsial'noy sfery.