Southern Nigeria in Transition fills a gap in the literature of Nigerian history. Professor Anene now offers his material in a book which will become a standard text in many universities in Africa and elsewhere. The book begins by examining the traditional political structure of the peoples of Southern Nigeria. In 1885 Britain secured international recognition of her 'freedom of action' on the Lower Niger and in the Oil Rivers. The process through which Britain imposed a new political order is clearly analysed. Other changes in the social and economic life of the people resulting both from the new order and also from missionary enterprises are considered. The beginning of the process of amalgamation which culminated in the emergence of a politico-territorial unit called Nigeria are described. Professor Anene develops his narrative well and a sense of movement is maintained throughout the work. Non-Nigerian writers have been apt to refer to the inhabitants of Southern Nigeria as a mere conglomeration of groups whose associations before the advent of the British were artificial. Professor Anene demonstrates the extent to which this traditional view ignores the cultural and other unities which were pervasive.