Women are now central to many science fiction films--but that has not always been the case. Female characters, from their token presence (or absence) in the silent pictures of the early 20th century to their roles as assistants, pulp princesses and sexy robots, and eventually as scientists, soldiers and academics, have often struggled to be seen and heard in a genre traditionally regarded as of men, by men and for men. Surveying more than 650 films across 120 years, the author charts the highs and lows of women's visibility in science fiction's cinematic history through the effects of two world wars, social and cultural upheavals and advances in film technology.