Most papers published in this Special Issue of Mathematics are written by the participants of the XXXVI International Seminar on Stability Problems for Stochastic Models, 21­25 June, 2021, Petrozavodsk, Russia. The scope of the seminar embraces the following topics: · Limit theorems and stability problems; · Asymptotic theory of stochastic processes; · Stable distributions and processes; · Asymptotic statistics; · Discrete probability models; · Characterization of probability distributions; · Insurance and financial mathematics; · Applied statistics; · Queueing theory; and other fields. This Special Issue contains 12 papers by specialists who represent 6 countries: Belarus, France, Hungary, India, Italy, and Russia.