This paper provides an overview of the North American (United States and Canada) structural panel industry, which consists of softwood plywood and oriented strandboard (OSB). The paper describes the evolution of overall capacities, effective capacity utilization, and manufacturing costs. As part of that, it describes changes in industry operating parameters such as wood use and yield, employee productivity, adhesives usage, and energy consumption. The major end-use markets for these commodities and market share trends are described as they evolved over time.