The Stocks and Bonds Issued by the Compagnie Universelle du Canal Interoceanique de Panama,1880-1889, and Compagnie Nouvelle du Canal de Panama in1894, is a first presentation about every stock and bond issued by these two French Panama Canal companies during their futile attempt to build the Panama Canal between 1880 and 1904. TRULY, THERE IS NO OTHER BOOK ABOUT STOCKS AND BONDS OF TWO RELATED COMPANIES, BOTH FAILING TO COMPLETE THE PANAMA CANAL, SUCH AS THIS ONE. This absolutely incredible presentation, that is unparalleled about its subject matter, has 323 pages of which OVER 150 are profusely illustrated with charts, vintage prints, and maps. These range in scope from the building of the Suez Canal to the American involvements with the Nicaragua and Panama Canal Zone efforts. The four principle personalities that surface throughout this book are Count Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps, Directeur-General of the Compagnie Universelle du Canal Interocanique de Panama; Trenor W. Park, President Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt of the United States of America; and William Nelson Cromwell, New York Corporation lawyer of the law firm of Sullivan and Cromwell. Between the 1881-1904, there were 4 Americans who were American presidents of the Panama Railroad Company while it was owned by the two French canal firms. They were: Trenor W. Park (former San Francisco lawyer and adviser to General John Charles Fremont the Pathfinder to the West, Civil War General, owner of Mariposa Estates and first Republican Party presidential candidate), John Griffith McCullough (later Governor of Vermont), John Newton (former Civil War General and Chief, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers), and Joseph Edward Simmons (one time president of the Fourth National City Bank of New York City and subsequently president of the, New York Stock Exchange). The book, which includes images of related bond and stock certificates, related financial papers, medals, stamps, and graphics, is the most complete and extensive in the world on this scripophilic subject--unequaled.