William Sealy Gosset is known to all statisticians and users of statistics by `Student', his pseudonym best remembered in the Student t -test. This volume, based on his statistical correspondence, is a biographical account of his life and work, which through his collaboration with R.A. Fisher, Karl and Egon Pearson, came to fundamentally influence the development of modern statistical thinking. It provides a unique insight into the ferment of statistical ideas discussed by Gosset and his co-workers. In particular, it sheds new light on the way in which Gosset's work (at the St James Gate Brewery owned by Guinness), and his interest in the statistics of small samples, came to profoundly affect Fisher's early work.A refreshing aspect of Gosset's letters is that they reveal his likeable and modest character: he describes his own contribution to 1914-18 war as `to brew Guinness stout in such a way as to waste as little labour and material as possible'. Similarly, his dislike of controversy is illustrated in his letters written at the time of publication of Fisher's Statistical Methods for Research Workers, but which still serve to show Gosset's own strong views on the book. The volume is based on the writings of Egon Pearson, who intended to write a complete biography based on Gosset's correspondence. Professors Barnard and Plackett have gone to great pains to respect the intentions of Egon Pearson in presenting the material, and the text is organized and annotated to present Gosset's correspondence with Fisher and the Pearsons in its historical and statistical context. As a result, this book will appeal to all those statisticians interested in the development of their subject in the first four decades of this century.