This volume discusses methodological and theoretical approaches to gender within the framework of ancient Near Eastern studies. For this reason, the contributions included here are as diverse as the possibilities of enriching the interpretation of material from the ancient Near East by applying theoretical proposals to study gender, women, and men. In addition, the volume has welcomed a varied group of contributors: we wanted to involve colleagues from different countries, with different academic traditions and theoretical backgrounds, in different stages of their careers. In this respect, we are glad to count among the contributors recognized scholars with a long history of applying gender perspectives to the study of the ancient Near East and to include the points of view of younger scholars currently completing their PhDs. As our aim for this volume is to provide a tool for all those interested in gender studies, we have included scholars representing this diversity rather than only those who share similar approaches. In doing this, we hope to emphasize that with the right methodological tools and a good knowledge of the possibly applicable theoretical frameworks, the study of gender relations is possible in all periods and for all primary sources from the ancient Near East. The volume consists of nineteen peer-reviewed articles and a concluding chapter.