Studies on perceived risks provide the much needed information for addressing rural poverty, compacting hostility toward development projects, resolving resource-use conflicts and avoiding mistrust in social relations. However, finding books that integrate empirical findings from field studies with conceptual and theoretical views on perceived risks of surface mining and policy implications can be a daunting challenge. This book is written to address this challenge. The book targets perceived risks of mining, policy-making and rural livelihood. It proposes a "Sustainable Compensation and Livelihood Model" as a policy tool for determining compensation package for affected resource-rich farming communities. Policy makers, human rights activists, state environmental and resource institutions, mining companies and allied organizations, district chief executives, traditional authorities, community leaders, academic and research institutions, students and non-governmental organizations will benefit from contemporary and practical issues on how rural farmers perceive and associate risks with mining, and what to consider when determining compensation packages for the affected communities.