Nigeria's Drylands cover almost one-fourth of the country's landmass and is located at the northern part of the nation; where poverty and population are continuously rising at an alarming rate. The recent socioeconomic challenges of the region in terms of unemployment,resource-use conflict and insurgency are therefore not unconnected with the sustainability of the region's natural resources.This makes an in-depth study into the area very necessary with the view to unfolding the development challenges of a region that hosts over 50 million people and was hitherto the grain-basket of Nigeria. This book has documented specific case-studies on the region in areas of Landuse, Biodiversity,Climate Change,Military operations,Livelihood and Resource Utilization.The case-studies are arranged in a format that brings the findings and conclusions in perspectives for easy comparison with the global sustainability indicators.The book will therefore be a very important reference material for students of environmental management,as it will serve as a manual for policy formulators, as well as activists for nature conservation.