The surveys conducted within the framework of the Observatory of Urban Change allowed me to penetrate the realities of rural areas. Indeed, a study commissioned by Columbia University on the evaluation of the Tuungane project, consisted in analyzing the impact of the program for the improvement of the economic and social sector as well as the good governance implemented by International Rescue Commette in the provinces of Katanga, South Kivu and Maniema. The realities experienced during our fieldwork motivated us to discuss the issue of sustainable development in rural areas. Why this interest? It is no secret that the Congolese rural areas are almost abandoned by the State. The latter seems to be non-existent and is substituted by some NGOs that carry out some social actions for the benefit of the populations.