This study investigates long-lasting cultural constructions of childbirth. Four symbolic patterns of childbirth emerge from the analysis of a variety of texts ranging from myths, philosophy, literature and religion to ethics of modern medicine. On a symbolic level The Supremacy of the Male attributes the coming into existence of a child primarily to male pro-creation. The Supremacy of the Female , contrarily, relates childbirth to conception, pregnancy and giving birth on part of the woman. Theoretical, Spiritual and Political Natality versus Childbirth pictures childbirth as lower in value as the realms of ideas, religion, the political or the arts. In contrast to this, Harmony between Spiritual/Theoretical Natality and Childbirth shows that spiritual birth and childbirth can also be intertwined. It is argued that different symbolic patterns of childbirth may imply different gender relations and different views on life in general. The theoretical part of the book is based on Hannah Arendt's philosophy of natality and on Martin Heidegger whose ideas on death are used for a philosophical conception of the woman giving birth.