This technical manual (TM) is intended for use as a training guide and reference text for engineer personnel who are responsible for planning and executing theater of operations (TO) construction. The five parts of this manual provide practical information for military personnel in the design, layout, installation, and maintenance of exterior and interior electrical wiring and power-generation systems. Figures and tables dealing with electrical parts and equipment are contained in appendix A; figures and tables dealing with electrical data are contained in appendix B. TMs 5-301 (1-4 series), 5-302 (1-5 series), and 5-303 present the Engineer Functional Components System, which is based on the wiring techniques described in this manual. Future revision of the Engineer Functional Components System will change the wiring systems that are currently used to more modern methods of cable and conduit wiring. The proponent of this publication is HQ TRADOC. This manual emphasizes the constructional aspects of electric wiring. The term phase is used when referring to the angular displacement between two or more like quantities, either alternating electromotive force (EMF) or alternating current (AC). It is also used for distinguishing the different types of AC generators. For example, a machine designed to generate a single EMF wave is called a single-phase alternator, and one designed to generate two or more EMF waves is called a polyphase alternator.