This monograph is the first detailed description of the various tradigrade species (water bears) on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. It contains information on some twenty six named species of tardihgrades in terrestrial lichens and mosses on the island, in addition to two presently unidentified species. The twenty six named species include three species of heterotardigrades and twenty three species of eutardigrades. This account contains detailed information on each species, together with maps showing their distribution across the island. Comments are included on the similarities/differences in descriptions by other authors. A dichotomous key to all twenty eight species is included. A table listing all the currently known species for each province and territory of Canada is also included, as is a comprehensive list of references for each species found in Newfoundland. This book should be of interest to researchers interested in the biology, ecology, and taxonomy of this interesting group, as well as those generally interested in the meiofauna of lichens and mosses.