In the past, high costs have been incurred in particular by the market launch of new medicinal products. To date, it was not necessary to demonstrate an additional therapeutic benefit. This changed with the Act on the Reform of the Market for Medicinal Products (AMNOG), which entered into force on the 1st of January 2011. It brought about a fundamental change in the balance of power on the pharmaceutical market. This study therefore sets out to answer the following question: What impact does the early benefit assessment in the context of the AMNOG have on the stakeholders of the healthcare system? To answer this question, this survey first presents the theoretical foundations of the law, of the early benefit assessment and the bodies involved. It then takes stock of the decisions taken to date before describing the impact on the selected stakeholders.