Responsio Iudaeorum, "THE CASE AGAINST THE GOSPELS' FALSE ACCUSATION OF THE JEWS," relies on a significant advance in Gospel analysis to achieve certainty about what actually happened to Jesus, and who was responsible. Based on a methodology he has developed and published over the last decade, Abram Epstein states: "No Jews acting from theological motive conspired to kill Jesus, nor did they participate in his arrest, his guilty verdict, or his state-sanctioned murder on the cross." Furthermore, Epstein argues that the Christian clergy's recent ecumenical acts of "forgiveness" offer no acquittal, and so reinforce the defamation, concealing beneath the veil of good will, an indoctrinated belief in Jewish guilt for conspiring and participating in Jesus' crucifixion.