Buildings and their surrounding spaces play a role in formulating the collective identity of an urban population. The history of architecture, and urban history, can be studied through cityscape paintings and other artwork. The character and greatness of a city, perhaps lost to modern historians, can be recognized. In this text, four key issues are discussed in the study of change in architectural imagery and urban identity: the Roman artists' role in 14th-century painting in Tuscany, the Tuscan-Byzantinian relationship from the mid- to late 13th century, "naturalistic" representation of medieval painting, and the meaning behind the stylistic changes that coincided with the bubonic plague in the 14th century. Surveying the architectural imagery in narrative paintings, the text focuses primarily on Rome, Assisi, Siena and Florence from circa 1250 to circa 1390. The book details the relationship between art and cityscape, as well as analyzes historical artistic periods, via painted portraiture of architecture. Also included are 115 photographs, illustrations and maps.