Charles C. Painter was an agent of the Indian Rights Association, headquartered in Philadelphia. The condition of affairs in Indian Territory and California (1888) reports Painter's findings at the Seger Colony and Cheyenne, Arapahoe, Anadarko, Iowa, Comanche, Wichita, and Ponca agencies and reservations in the Indian Territory. He also visited Chilocco Indian School. In California, he reports on Indian settlements and reservations at Cohuilla, Agua Caliente, San Ysabel, Mesa Grande, Captain Grande, and San Jacinto. He examines incursions on Indian lands and schools for the Mission Indians and legal actions on behalf of the San Fernando Indians.