The Deportation Express – A History of America through Forced Removal: American Crossroads

"This sprawling, beautifully written, and copiously researched book illuminates the experience of deportation across space and time. Organized into two cross-continental train journeys, Blue's account synthesizes world histories of revolution and economic exigency with the evolution of the deportation process. Important scholarship and great reading!"--Rachel Ida Buff, author of Immigration and the Political Economy of Home

"This book describes one of the first--but little known--steps taken by the federal government to systematize the deportation of immigrants who violated the rules governing their lives and work in the United States. This first step illustrates how and on what grounds the criminalization and incarceration of immigrants began. I know of no other competing works. This is, I believe, the first study of deportation trains, and it's very important and original as such."--Donna Gabaccia, coauthor of Gender and International Migration: From the Slavery Era to the Global Age

"The Deportation Express is one of the best books on the history of migration I have ever read. It is fascinating, powerful, important, and highly original. Examining more than the history of deportation, Ethan Blue uses the device of the deportation train's stops on its circular route around the United States to get at the history of race, state formation, immigration, citizenship, and sexuality in the Progressive Era."--Cindy Hahamovitch, author of No Man's Land: Jamaican Guestworkers in America and the Global History of Deportable Labor

"A harrowing chronicle of the rise of the US deportation machine fired by Pullman car prison trains and telegraph wires that braided the continent, revealing the intimate distress of migrants from across the globe who sought to remain but instead were rounded up and expelled." -- Nayan Shah, author of Refusal to Eat, Stranger Intimacy, and Contagious Divides

"This evocative story of deportation trains and some of the nearly one million people forced to board them in the early twentieth century provides a detailed account of the importance of the railroad for the emergence of the United States as a key player in the global capitalist economy. The insights gleaned from these analyses will be useful to all students and scholars of racial capitalism, settler colonialism, and global migration." -- Tanya Golash-Boza, author of Deported: Immigrant Policing, Disposable Labor, and Global Capitalism

"Ethan Blue reveals how deportation infrastructures, especially the train, enabled the conjoined growth and consolidation of the deportation state and carceral state, knitting together different scales of government and connecting vast spatial expanses. As it follows the tendrils of movement and social control, The Deportation Express brings forward the histories of the state and corporate agents who made deportations possible and the immigrants ensnared in the trains' cages and deemed undesirable for their race, political beliefs, poverty, neurodiversity, disability, and more. A stirring achievement that should be required reading." --A. Naomi Paik, author of Bans, Walls, Raids, Sanctuary and Rightlessness