Didactics of mathematics is a scientific discipline between math and teaching which deals with various matters of teaching math at individual as well as various school levels. This includes the content and methods on how to teach and learn math. It defines aims and content of a math curriculum, and recommends appropriate methods, procedures and organizational forms of teaching. Didactics of mathematics takes into account psychological relations of learning and provides the necessary teaching technology. At present, there are questions as to the role of a pupil and teacher in an educational process. Didactics of mathematics studies the processes which take place in the minds of the student and teacher when teaching math. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches and issues of this field. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on the didactics of math have been included herein. This book will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field.