The concept of possession is the result of a long evolution, which started with the first societies and still continues today. Its character is very heterogeneous because of the elements that make it up, of Roman, Germanic and customary law origin, among others. It is a constantly evolving and changing path, so much so that today we speak, for example, of the possession of claims, shares and other intangible property. This complexity raises many questions about the role of possession in today's society. However, in order to be able to understand and know in depth the current notion of possession, it is necessary to identify its origins and its long evolution through the centuries. In order to study the present notion of possession, it is necessary to refer to human societies of the past and their subsequent evolution. This is necessary in order to understand the role of possession in positive law, which is also fundamental.