In response to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land management's (BLM) requirement that damages incurred by archaeological site 5RB1463 the Hummingbird Rockshelter be mitigated, Beartooth Oil & Gas Company of Billings, Montana, Contracted Grand River Institute to conduct test excavations at the site during the summer of 1985. Mitigation was required because of the violation of BLM Special Stipulation #17 that was attached to the APD filed by Beartooth for gas well Federal #20-3, which lies immediately adjacent to the archaeological resource.