The present research constitutes a theoretical approach to the complex world of the family, taking into account the deviation of behaviour as a product of the internal maladjustments of this social group. The subject has been approached fundamentally from a sociological perspective, with the use of a series of concepts and categories contributed by different thinkers, both from the sociology of the family and from other disciplines. The logic of this work establishes an approach to different approaches related to the subject, assuming as bases the systemic and psychoanalytical approaches, as well as the considerations made by Parsons regarding the interactive processes related to behavioural deviance. The author also draws on the dialectical materialist method to take up favourable explanatory positions. Special reference is made to the family as a socialising and self-realisation context, taking into account its organisation. Concrete results related to the formation of moral values and the prevention of deviant behaviour in young people are analysed and provided.