The physical context of the middle Ayuquila River sub-basin has a great variety of structural, lithological, edaphological and altitudinal gradients - resulting in different types of climates, vegetation and fauna - which explains the hydrological regime that governs the basin. The study area covers ten municipalities: Autlán de Navarro, Ejutla, El Grullo, El Limón, San Gabriel, Tolimán, Tonaya, Tuxcacuesco, Unión de Tula and Zapotitlán de Vadillo, which constitute the Intermunicipal Environmental Board for the Integral Management of the Lower Ayuquila River Basin (JIRA), a Decentralized Public Organization. The objective of this work was to carry out a territorial analysis of the physical context of this sub-basin in order to help understand the community action that brought together the municipalities to rescue this river from the high level of contamination it had.