Our work on the origins of social inequalities between men has been based on three themes, each with its own particular aspects. It is therefore appropriate to summarize in a few lines the course of this scientific research. The first chapter is essentially devoted to the conception of man in the state of nature and his entry into the civil state. Indeed, the state of nature is a hypothesis elaborated by modern-day philosophers, according to which a natural society existed before civil or political society. The proponents of this hypothesis are: Hobbes, Locke, Pufendorf, Rousseau. The second was essentially the basis of our investigation. We set out to discover the origins of the various evils stifling human society. The third chapter dealt with the therapeutic perspective of inequalities in the Democratic Republic of Congo.