In this book, the author presents a study of the Church's teaching on the orphaned and abandoned child. Using Nigeria as a case study, he expresses government's inability to cope with problems associated with orphan-hood without the participation of NGOs, the community, churches, private sector local and international donor agencies, etc. He also observes that some AIDS orphans are often stigmatized and thus challenges all stakeholders to develop an immediate action mechanism to include solutions, appropriate interventions and viable alternatives that do not compromise the dignity, right and identity of the underprivileged child. He makes a detailed theological study in regards to the teaching on children. Poor orphaned and abandoned children need protection in other to have a bright future. For him, nothing but a preferential option for them could ensure this. So he considers the Church's role in Nigeria towards a Pastoral care of orphaned and abandoned children. And alluding to the bishops, as well as experiences with orphanages in Nigeria and the Catholic CHESS Project, the author proposes a new thesis which he articulates in "ADOPTOLOGY" recommending a certain form of adoption.