Cuprins
CHAPTER 1: Introduction to the Philosophical Journey: Where Are We Going and How Will We Get There?
1.0 Overview of the Journey
1.1 Socrates and the Search for WisdomFrom Plato, Apology
From Plato, Republic1.2 Plato's Allegory of the Cave
From Plato, Republic
1.3 Argument and Evidence: How Do I Decide What to Believe?
CHAPTER 2: The Search for Knowledge
2.0 Overview of the Problem of Knowledge
2.1 SkepticismFrom Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy
From Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy2.2 Rationalism
From Plato, Phaedo
From Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy2.3 Empiricism
From John Locke, An Essay concerning Human Understanding
From George Berkeley, A Treatise concerning the Principles of Human KnowledgeFrom David Hume, An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding
From David Hume, An Enquiry concerning Human UnderstandingFrom David Hume, An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding
From David Hume, An Enquiry concerning Human UnderstandingFrom David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature
2.4 Kantian Constructivism
From Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason
From Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason2.5 Epistemological Relativism
From Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil
2.6 Rethinking the Western Tradition: Pragmatism
From William James, Pragmatism's Conception of Truth
2.7 Rethinking the Western Tradition: Feminist Epistemology
From Ann Garry and Marilyn Pearsall, Women, Knowledge, and Reality
CHAPTER 3: The Search for Ultimate Reality
3.0 Overview of Metaphysics
3.1 Overview: The Mind-Body ProblemFrom Hugh Elliot, Tantalus
3.2 Dualism
From Rene Descartes, Discourse on the Method
From Rene Descartes, Meditations on First PhilosophyFrom Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy
3.3 Physicalism
From Jeffrey Olen, Persons and Their World
3.4 Functionalism and Artificial Intelligence
From Jerry Fodor, The Mind-Body Problem
From Marvin Minsky, Why People Think Computers Can't3.5 Overview: Freedom and Determinism
3.6 Hard DeterminismFrom B.F. Skinner, Walden Two
From Samuel Butler, ErewhonFrom Clarence Darrow, The Leopold and Loeb Trial
3.7 Libertarianism
From Richard Taylor, Metaphysics
From Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness3.8 Compatibilism
From Walter T. Stace, Religion and the Modern Mind
CHAPTER 4: The Search for God
4.0 Overview of Philosophy of Religion
From Peter Kreeft, Does God Exist?
4.1 The Cosmological Argument for God
From Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica
From Richard Taylor, Metaphysics4.2 The Design Argument for God
From William Paley, Natural Theology
From David Hume, Dialogues Concerning Human Religion4.3 The Ontological Argument for God
From St. Anselm, Proslogium
4.4 Pragmatic and Subjective Justifications of Religious Belief
From Blaise Pascal, Thoughts
From William James, The Will to BelieveFrom Soren Kierkegaard, Selections
4.5 The Problem of Evil: Atheistic and Theistic Responses
From Albert Camus, The Plague
From John Hick, Evil and the God of LoveFrom C.S. Lewis, The Problem of Pain
4.6 Rethinking the Western Tradition: Asian Religions
From The Upanishads
From The Buddha, Selected TeachingsFrom Herman Hesse, Siddhartha
CHAPTER 5: The Search for Ethical Values
5.0 Overview of Ethics
From Plato, Republic
5.1 Ethical Relativism versus Objectivism
From Herodotus, The Histories
From Ruth Benedict, Anthropology and the AbnormalFrom James Rachels, The Challenge of Cultural Relativism
5.2 Ethical Egoism
From W. Somerset Maugham, Of Human Bondage
From Ayn Rand, The Virtue of Selfishness5.3 Utilitarianism
From Jeremy Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
From John Stuart Mill, UtilitarianismFrom Alistair Norcross, Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human Lives
5.4 Kantian Ethics
From Immanuel Kant, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals
5.5 Virtue Ethics
From Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics
From Confucius, The AnalectsFrom Janet Smith, Moral Character and Abortion
5.6 Rethinking the Western Tradition: Feminist Ethics
From Carol Gilligan, In a Different Voice
From Marilyn Friedman, Liberating CareCHAPTER 6: The Search for the Just Society
6.0 Overview of Political Philosophy
6.1 The Justification of GovernmentFrom Robert Paul Wolff, In Defense of Anarchism
From Thomas Hobbes, LeviathanFrom John Locke, An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent and End of Civil Government
From The Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)6.2 The Question of Justice
From Plato, Republic
From Thomas Aquinas, Summa TheologicaFrom John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism
From John Rawls, A Theory of JusticeFrom Susan Moller Okin, Justice, Gender, and the Family
6.3 The Individual and the State
From John Stuart Mill, On Liberty
From Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Communist Manifesto6.4 Civil Disobedience
From Plato, Crito
From Mohandas Gandhi, Young IndiaFrom Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail
CHAPTER 7: Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
From Leo Tolstoy, My Confession
From Hazel E. Barnes, An Existentialist EthicsAPPENDIX: Reasoning Effectively: What to Do and What Not to Do
CreditsIndex
