The Powell Expedition: New Discoveries about John Wesley Powell's 1869 River Journey
Autor Don Lagoen Limba Engleză Paperback – 16 apr 2019 – vârsta ani
"The Powell Expedition is a thought-provoking, nuanced work that reads at times like a detective story, and it should offer much fodder for historians."
—The Wall Street Journal
John Wesley Powell’s 1869 expedition down the Green and Colorado Rivers and through the Grand Canyon continues to be one of the most celebrated adventures in American history, ranking with the Lewis and Clark expedition and the Apollo landings on the moon. For nearly twenty years Lago has researched the Powell expedition from new angles, traveled to thirteen states, and looked into archives and other sources no one else has searched. He has come up with many important new documents that change and expand our basic understanding of the expedition by looking into Powell’s crewmembers, some of whom have been almost entirely ignored by Powell historians. Historians tended to assume that Powell was the whole story and that his crewmembers were irrelevant. More seriously, because several crew members made critical comments about Powell and his leadership, historians who admired Powell were eager to ignore and discredit them.
Lago offers a feast of new and important material about the river trip, and it will significantly rewrite the story of Powell’s famous expedition. This book is not only a major work on the Powell expedition, but on the history of American exploration of the West.
—The Wall Street Journal
John Wesley Powell’s 1869 expedition down the Green and Colorado Rivers and through the Grand Canyon continues to be one of the most celebrated adventures in American history, ranking with the Lewis and Clark expedition and the Apollo landings on the moon. For nearly twenty years Lago has researched the Powell expedition from new angles, traveled to thirteen states, and looked into archives and other sources no one else has searched. He has come up with many important new documents that change and expand our basic understanding of the expedition by looking into Powell’s crewmembers, some of whom have been almost entirely ignored by Powell historians. Historians tended to assume that Powell was the whole story and that his crewmembers were irrelevant. More seriously, because several crew members made critical comments about Powell and his leadership, historians who admired Powell were eager to ignore and discredit them.
Lago offers a feast of new and important material about the river trip, and it will significantly rewrite the story of Powell’s famous expedition. This book is not only a major work on the Powell expedition, but on the history of American exploration of the West.
Preț: 290.36 lei
Nou
Puncte Express: 436
Preț estimativ în valută:
55.57€ • 57.72$ • 46.16£
55.57€ • 57.72$ • 46.16£
Carte disponibilă
Livrare economică 13-27 ianuarie 25
Livrare express 27 decembrie 24 - 02 ianuarie 25 pentru 36.16 lei
Preluare comenzi: 021 569.72.76
Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781948908207
ISBN-10: 1948908204
Pagini: 372
Ilustrații: 24 bw photos scattered
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 26 mm
Greutate: 0.54 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: University of Nevada Press
Colecția University of Nevada Press
ISBN-10: 1948908204
Pagini: 372
Ilustrații: 24 bw photos scattered
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 26 mm
Greutate: 0.54 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: University of Nevada Press
Colecția University of Nevada Press
Recenzii
"The Powell Expedition is a thought-provoking, nuanced work that reads at times like a detective story, and it should offer much fodder for historians."
—The Wall Street Journal
—The Wall Street Journal
"Lago examines many theories about the fate of three members of Powell’s expedition who left the river before the end of the journey and were never seen again. While the true fate of these explorers may never be known, there are enough leads in this account to entertain Colorado River rafters around campfires for years. Grand Canyon enthusiasts will find much to consider in this book."
—Library Journal
—Library Journal
"This is no straightforward river adventure, but rather a collection of multiple intriguing theories about various disputed facts, making for excellent campfire stories after a long day on the river."
—Publishers Weekly
—Publishers Weekly
"Lago is a storyteller, and his accessible, sprightly writing style makes what could be a mind-numbing collection of facts read like an adventure yarn."
—New York Journal of Books
—New York Journal of Books
"Written in a refreshingly transparent first-person style, Lago demythologizes Powell, corrects past libels and properly puts the focus on his crew. This book will be of interest to historians and river rats alike."
—True West Magazine
—True West Magazine
"Lago’s latest book is the result of 20 years of research across 13 states, digging into the history of the expedition’s individual crew members to tell a far more specific story that the broad tale of river running and canyon mapping.”
—Grand Canyon News
—Grand Canyon News
"Don Lago’s The Powell Expedition: New Discoveries about John Wesley Powell’s 1869 River Journeytakes a new, fresh look at the 1869 expedition down the Green and Colorado Rivers led by John Wesley Powell. He concentrates especially on the often-overlooked members of the crew, and the events that led to distrust, tension, and the eventual departure of three members of the party, as well as an in-depth look at the deaths of those three and the subsequent lives of most, if not all, of the men. The book is definitely a significant and novel contribution to the literature on Powell, and that’s saying something. The sources Lago consulted are astounding, in a word.”
—Roy Webb, author of Riverman: The Story of Bus Hatch and High, Wide, and Handsome: The River Journals of Norman D. Nevills
—Roy Webb, author of Riverman: The Story of Bus Hatch and High, Wide, and Handsome: The River Journals of Norman D. Nevills
“Don Lago has spent over 20 years researching Powell’s 1869 river expedition, ferreting out details nobody else has discovered, myth-busting, speculating, and clarifying the whys and wherefores of the trip. This book is a culmination of those details and speculation, with updates on his previous writings and adding a wealth of new material. Lago covers topics no other Powell biographer/author has addressed, or ones in this depth.”
—Richard Quartaroli, special collections librarian emeritus, Northern Arizona University
—Richard Quartaroli, special collections librarian emeritus, Northern Arizona University
Notă biografică
Don Lago is one of the most respected historians of the Grand Canyon, and the author of Grand Canyon: A History of a Natural Wonder and National Park. He has published more than 50 personal essays in national magazines and literary journals. His latest book is Where the Sky Touched the Earth: Cosmological Landscapes of the Southwest. He lives in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Extras
John Wesley Powell’s 1869 expedition down the Green and Colorado Rivers and through the Grand Canyon is one of the few feats of American exploration that ranks with the Lewis and Clark expedition and the Apollo landings on the moon. In terms of sheer life-and-death struggle in a dramatic landscape, the Powell expedition might be the most dramatic story of them all. As America’s frontier era has grown smaller in our national rearview mirror, many of our frontier heroes have shrunk, too, mainly because those heroes were agents of Manifest Destiny who viewed the land, wildlife, and Native Americans as obstacles to conquer and resources to exploit. Powell, however, has gained stature over time. Powell was first of all a scientist with a deep curiosity about nature, and this curiosity motivated his explorations. Because Powell viewed the landscape and waterscape as a scientist, he realized that the arid West couldn’t fit into America’s Manifest Destiny dreams, and thus he became a pioneering conservationist.
As one of the founders of the U.S. Bureau of Ethnology in 1879, Powell studied Native American life with much more respect than most of his contemporaries. In recent decades millions of Americans have taken up river running and have appointed Powell one of the patron saints of river runners. For these reasons and more, interest in Powell has been growing, generating some valuable books about him and his expedition. A century ago Robert Stanton, who led the next expedition down the Colorado River after Powell’s, wrote a long book on Colorado River history —in fact, it was so long no publisher wanted it. Stanton’s first words in his book were, “Why another book on the Colorado River?”1 If Stanton already believed he had to justify his Colorado River history book, then it’s only fair that readers today, after a century of additional books, should ask if there can be any new discoveries about it, or at least discoveries of any significance. The answer is “Yes,” a surprisingly strong “Yes.” There are enough new discoveries to substantially rewrite the story of the Powell expedition.
This book had a simple beginning. Books about the Powell expedition didn’t say much about his crewmember William Hawkins except that he was from Missouri. I am also from Missouri, and so was curious to know more of Hawkins’s story. Was he from my own neighborhood? How did he come to join the Powell expedition? As I looked into Hawkins’s story, I was startled to discover a case of mistaken identity: the guy in the history books was the wrong guy. Back in the 1940s Powell’s first major biographer, William Culp Darrah, had looked for Hawkins but latched onto the Civil War record of someone else and put him into the history books, with the wrong birthdate, wrong birthplace, wrong family, wrong military record, even the wrong name. All subsequent historians had simply copied Darrah’s homework, not looking into original sources, and perpetuated his mistake. Looking further, I found that some of Darrah’s other statements about Hawkins had no source in the historical record, and in fact the record contradicted them. Darrah had portrayed Hawkins as a criminal, a fugitive, a liar, a shady character. Again, subsequent historians had simply repeated Darrah’s image. Yet when I looked into the sources, it appeared that Darrah had twisted some evidence and fabricated other claims. His motives were not hard to guess: In his later years Hawkins had written two strong denunciations of Powell’s leadership of the expedition. Darrah greatly admired Powell and wanted to defend his reputation, so he was eager to discredit Hawkins, to the point of dishonesty. I was to discover that this was only one of several times Darrah cooked the books to make Powell look better in his book.
The biographies of most of the other crewmembers were also skimpy, and I became curious about them, too. I soon found that they also had untold stories — important stories. I found documents about them, and also found their living families. Historians had never located, and hardly tried to find, the families of Oramel and Seneca Howland and William Dunn, who left the expedition near the end and left us with two big controversies: why they left and why they disappeared without a trace. All along, for a century and a half, the Howland and Dunn families had passed from one generation to the next letters, photos, family memories, and documents about their ancestors. Such discoveries not only told the stories of the crewmembers, but also began to suggest new explanations for some of the events of the expedition. Powell’s crew included two of the most famous names in America in the 1860s: Howland and Sumner. The Howlands were a Mayflower family, whose early start in America helped them to become very successful and rich. The Sumners included one of America’s most powerful politicians. When I learned more about Howland family history and placed the Powell expedition within its context, I saw new reasons why the Howland brothers might have decided to leave the expedition. When I learned more about Sumner family history, I saw a new reason why Jack Sumner might have decided not to leave the expedition. The background stories of William Hawkins and Bill Dunn also offered new hints about their decisions about leaving or not leaving the expedition.
Historians have neglected the crewmembers, and some other important stories, because most were drawn to this subject out of admiration for John Wesley Powell. Like scientists who rely on paradigms to organize data into a coherent story, historians often start out accepting some basic stories, some assumptions about what happened or what events mean. Powell historians assumed that Powell was the whole story, that his crewmembers were peripheral characters: it hardly mattered who they were, where they were from, or what their motives were. Thus, historians’ research agendas were centered on Powell.
Even historians who were inclined to debunking, such as Otis — better known as Dock — Marston, nevertheless remained Powell-centric in their research agendas. Historians for whom Powell was a personal hero, especially Darrah and Wallace Stegner, were eager to defend Powell from the written criticisms of crewmembers Hawkins and Sumner and the implied criticism of the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn, whose abandonment of the trip could be taken as as a sign of their dissatisfaction with Powell’s leadership. Thus Darrah and Stegner were downright eager to ignore Hawkins and Sumner. But at least Hawkins and Sumner got their names on the Powell Memorial on the canyon South Rim in Grand Canyon National Park. Other Powell admirers, especially Frederick Dellenbaugh, who was the chronicler of his second expedition, made sure that the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn were branded as deserters and that their names were left off the memorial.
Another factor in focusing research on Powell was that two of Powell’s biographers, Wallace Stegner and Donald Worster, were environmental historians— and very important ones — who were mainly interested in Powell the environmental prophet. Both Stegner and Worster did good jobs of placing Powell within the context of his times. Yet neither was nearly as interested in Powell the river explorer; for them the river expedition was just the prelude to the more important story. Biographical details about Powell’s crewmembers were largely irrelevant to their purposes. For information about the crew, Stegner, Worster, and other historians relied heavily on Darrah’s research. We do owe Darrah a large debt, for in the 1940s, when people who had personally known Powell and his crew were dying out, Darrah amassed a valuable collection of documents. Yet Darrah had his own agenda. In the course of this book, we will explore some interesting cases in historiography, of how history gets written. For instance, another historian perpetrated a hoax regarding the fate of the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn.
I also dug deeper into Powell’s story and came up with several important stories that had gone unnoticed. I visited archives and checked out leads no one had thought to explore, found documents that cast new light on various elements of the expedition, and made new connections between people and events. Some of these connections came from placing the Powell expedition in the context of the social, political, and cultural forces of his time. The Powell expedition did not take place in a vacuum, but was embedded in historical currents often as strong as the river currents that propelled their boats.
This book includes several parts. Part I takes a deep look into one of the longstanding controversies of Colorado River history: Was John Wesley Powell really the first person to go through the Grand Canyon? In 1867 a battered man named James White showed up on a crude raft downriver from the canyon. Ever since, people have debated whether he could or could not, did or did not make it through the canyon. White’s own testimony was vague enough that people can make a plausible case either way. Most of this debate has taken place in a vacuum, with insufficient facts for a foundation. In an archive no one else checked, I located a U.S. Army document that gives an authoritative account of one part of White’s story to which we can compare White’s version of events. I also look deeper into some of the other elements of his story. Powell’s fame has always been tangled up with the James White mystery, so it is appropriate that a book on Powell begins with White.
The heart of this book consists of the chapters on the crewmembers. In a symbolic reversal of the usual pattern of Powell books, I have placed these chapters in part II, before the chapters on Powell. Part III covers Powell, and part IV is on the origins of some of the names the expedition gave to one of their boats, and to a canyon. Part V is on the ending of the expedition, which was recorded by two outsiders, and on the fate of one of the boats. Finally, part VI offers a deeper exploration of another of the longstanding mysteries and controversies about the expedition: the fate of the Howland
brothers and Bill Dunn. I examine the two leading theories of what happened to them. Here, too, there are important new documents and facts to consider.
When we explore the life of William Hawkins after the expedition, it casts a startling new light on his claim, totally ignored by Powell historians, that he buried the bodies of his crewmembers. The Howland brothers had another brother who conducted a private investigation into the fate of his brothers, and his correspondence with Mormon leaders has remained in Howland family hands, unknown until now. In exploring the political events and contexts of southern Utah in 1869, we find and follow a scenario that has not been imagined before.
As one of the founders of the U.S. Bureau of Ethnology in 1879, Powell studied Native American life with much more respect than most of his contemporaries. In recent decades millions of Americans have taken up river running and have appointed Powell one of the patron saints of river runners. For these reasons and more, interest in Powell has been growing, generating some valuable books about him and his expedition. A century ago Robert Stanton, who led the next expedition down the Colorado River after Powell’s, wrote a long book on Colorado River history —in fact, it was so long no publisher wanted it. Stanton’s first words in his book were, “Why another book on the Colorado River?”1 If Stanton already believed he had to justify his Colorado River history book, then it’s only fair that readers today, after a century of additional books, should ask if there can be any new discoveries about it, or at least discoveries of any significance. The answer is “Yes,” a surprisingly strong “Yes.” There are enough new discoveries to substantially rewrite the story of the Powell expedition.
This book had a simple beginning. Books about the Powell expedition didn’t say much about his crewmember William Hawkins except that he was from Missouri. I am also from Missouri, and so was curious to know more of Hawkins’s story. Was he from my own neighborhood? How did he come to join the Powell expedition? As I looked into Hawkins’s story, I was startled to discover a case of mistaken identity: the guy in the history books was the wrong guy. Back in the 1940s Powell’s first major biographer, William Culp Darrah, had looked for Hawkins but latched onto the Civil War record of someone else and put him into the history books, with the wrong birthdate, wrong birthplace, wrong family, wrong military record, even the wrong name. All subsequent historians had simply copied Darrah’s homework, not looking into original sources, and perpetuated his mistake. Looking further, I found that some of Darrah’s other statements about Hawkins had no source in the historical record, and in fact the record contradicted them. Darrah had portrayed Hawkins as a criminal, a fugitive, a liar, a shady character. Again, subsequent historians had simply repeated Darrah’s image. Yet when I looked into the sources, it appeared that Darrah had twisted some evidence and fabricated other claims. His motives were not hard to guess: In his later years Hawkins had written two strong denunciations of Powell’s leadership of the expedition. Darrah greatly admired Powell and wanted to defend his reputation, so he was eager to discredit Hawkins, to the point of dishonesty. I was to discover that this was only one of several times Darrah cooked the books to make Powell look better in his book.
The biographies of most of the other crewmembers were also skimpy, and I became curious about them, too. I soon found that they also had untold stories — important stories. I found documents about them, and also found their living families. Historians had never located, and hardly tried to find, the families of Oramel and Seneca Howland and William Dunn, who left the expedition near the end and left us with two big controversies: why they left and why they disappeared without a trace. All along, for a century and a half, the Howland and Dunn families had passed from one generation to the next letters, photos, family memories, and documents about their ancestors. Such discoveries not only told the stories of the crewmembers, but also began to suggest new explanations for some of the events of the expedition. Powell’s crew included two of the most famous names in America in the 1860s: Howland and Sumner. The Howlands were a Mayflower family, whose early start in America helped them to become very successful and rich. The Sumners included one of America’s most powerful politicians. When I learned more about Howland family history and placed the Powell expedition within its context, I saw new reasons why the Howland brothers might have decided to leave the expedition. When I learned more about Sumner family history, I saw a new reason why Jack Sumner might have decided not to leave the expedition. The background stories of William Hawkins and Bill Dunn also offered new hints about their decisions about leaving or not leaving the expedition.
Historians have neglected the crewmembers, and some other important stories, because most were drawn to this subject out of admiration for John Wesley Powell. Like scientists who rely on paradigms to organize data into a coherent story, historians often start out accepting some basic stories, some assumptions about what happened or what events mean. Powell historians assumed that Powell was the whole story, that his crewmembers were peripheral characters: it hardly mattered who they were, where they were from, or what their motives were. Thus, historians’ research agendas were centered on Powell.
Even historians who were inclined to debunking, such as Otis — better known as Dock — Marston, nevertheless remained Powell-centric in their research agendas. Historians for whom Powell was a personal hero, especially Darrah and Wallace Stegner, were eager to defend Powell from the written criticisms of crewmembers Hawkins and Sumner and the implied criticism of the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn, whose abandonment of the trip could be taken as as a sign of their dissatisfaction with Powell’s leadership. Thus Darrah and Stegner were downright eager to ignore Hawkins and Sumner. But at least Hawkins and Sumner got their names on the Powell Memorial on the canyon South Rim in Grand Canyon National Park. Other Powell admirers, especially Frederick Dellenbaugh, who was the chronicler of his second expedition, made sure that the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn were branded as deserters and that their names were left off the memorial.
Another factor in focusing research on Powell was that two of Powell’s biographers, Wallace Stegner and Donald Worster, were environmental historians— and very important ones — who were mainly interested in Powell the environmental prophet. Both Stegner and Worster did good jobs of placing Powell within the context of his times. Yet neither was nearly as interested in Powell the river explorer; for them the river expedition was just the prelude to the more important story. Biographical details about Powell’s crewmembers were largely irrelevant to their purposes. For information about the crew, Stegner, Worster, and other historians relied heavily on Darrah’s research. We do owe Darrah a large debt, for in the 1940s, when people who had personally known Powell and his crew were dying out, Darrah amassed a valuable collection of documents. Yet Darrah had his own agenda. In the course of this book, we will explore some interesting cases in historiography, of how history gets written. For instance, another historian perpetrated a hoax regarding the fate of the Howland brothers and Bill Dunn.
I also dug deeper into Powell’s story and came up with several important stories that had gone unnoticed. I visited archives and checked out leads no one had thought to explore, found documents that cast new light on various elements of the expedition, and made new connections between people and events. Some of these connections came from placing the Powell expedition in the context of the social, political, and cultural forces of his time. The Powell expedition did not take place in a vacuum, but was embedded in historical currents often as strong as the river currents that propelled their boats.
This book includes several parts. Part I takes a deep look into one of the longstanding controversies of Colorado River history: Was John Wesley Powell really the first person to go through the Grand Canyon? In 1867 a battered man named James White showed up on a crude raft downriver from the canyon. Ever since, people have debated whether he could or could not, did or did not make it through the canyon. White’s own testimony was vague enough that people can make a plausible case either way. Most of this debate has taken place in a vacuum, with insufficient facts for a foundation. In an archive no one else checked, I located a U.S. Army document that gives an authoritative account of one part of White’s story to which we can compare White’s version of events. I also look deeper into some of the other elements of his story. Powell’s fame has always been tangled up with the James White mystery, so it is appropriate that a book on Powell begins with White.
The heart of this book consists of the chapters on the crewmembers. In a symbolic reversal of the usual pattern of Powell books, I have placed these chapters in part II, before the chapters on Powell. Part III covers Powell, and part IV is on the origins of some of the names the expedition gave to one of their boats, and to a canyon. Part V is on the ending of the expedition, which was recorded by two outsiders, and on the fate of one of the boats. Finally, part VI offers a deeper exploration of another of the longstanding mysteries and controversies about the expedition: the fate of the Howland
brothers and Bill Dunn. I examine the two leading theories of what happened to them. Here, too, there are important new documents and facts to consider.
When we explore the life of William Hawkins after the expedition, it casts a startling new light on his claim, totally ignored by Powell historians, that he buried the bodies of his crewmembers. The Howland brothers had another brother who conducted a private investigation into the fate of his brothers, and his correspondence with Mormon leaders has remained in Howland family hands, unknown until now. In exploring the political events and contexts of southern Utah in 1869, we find and follow a scenario that has not been imagined before.
Cuprins
Table of Contents
Introduction ix
Prologue: Dreams of Rivers 3
Part I: The James White Mystery
1. Introduction to the James White Mystery 21
2. WANTED - James White 27
3. An Old Story 36
4. Rivals and Rails 45
5. Dawson and Teller 57
6. Conclusion? 65
Part II: The Crew
7. The Howland Connection 69
8. Seneca Howland: The Unsung Hero 81
9. Call Me No Name 90
10. The Howland Brothers Write Home 100
11. What's Eating the Howland Brothers? 111
12. The Curse of Howland Island 121
13. Introducing William H. Dunn 126
14. Last Words Before the Launch 138
15. William Hawkins: Abducted by Alias! 144
16. The Promotion of Andy Hall 158
17. The Westering Star of Jack Sumner 168
18. Why Jack Sumner Stayed 178
19. The Madness of Jack Sumner 190
20. Jack Sumner Looks Back 196
Part III: John Wesley Powell
21. Horse Feathers 203
22. Major Powell, I Presume 208
23. The Impeachment of John Wesley Powell 217
Part IV: Naming Names
24. The Maid of the Cañon 235
25. Lodore 245
Part V: The End of the Adventure
26. Hats Off to Bishop Leithead 257
27. A Hardy Welcome 261
28. The Afterlife of a Boat 265
Part VI: The Fate of the Howland Brothers and William Dunn
29. Introduction 273
30. Toab 281
31. The Toquerville Hoax 292
32. Three Men Sentenced to Be Shot 299
33. The Aftermath 320
34. The Arizona Strip Massacre 336
35. The Afterlife of William Hawkins 340
36. Conclusion? 361
Afterword: Ten Who Bored 363
Bibliography 371
Acknowledgments 383
About the Author 386
Index 387
Introduction ix
Prologue: Dreams of Rivers 3
Part I: The James White Mystery
1. Introduction to the James White Mystery 21
2. WANTED - James White 27
3. An Old Story 36
4. Rivals and Rails 45
5. Dawson and Teller 57
6. Conclusion? 65
Part II: The Crew
7. The Howland Connection 69
8. Seneca Howland: The Unsung Hero 81
9. Call Me No Name 90
10. The Howland Brothers Write Home 100
11. What's Eating the Howland Brothers? 111
12. The Curse of Howland Island 121
13. Introducing William H. Dunn 126
14. Last Words Before the Launch 138
15. William Hawkins: Abducted by Alias! 144
16. The Promotion of Andy Hall 158
17. The Westering Star of Jack Sumner 168
18. Why Jack Sumner Stayed 178
19. The Madness of Jack Sumner 190
20. Jack Sumner Looks Back 196
Part III: John Wesley Powell
21. Horse Feathers 203
22. Major Powell, I Presume 208
23. The Impeachment of John Wesley Powell 217
Part IV: Naming Names
24. The Maid of the Cañon 235
25. Lodore 245
Part V: The End of the Adventure
26. Hats Off to Bishop Leithead 257
27. A Hardy Welcome 261
28. The Afterlife of a Boat 265
Part VI: The Fate of the Howland Brothers and William Dunn
29. Introduction 273
30. Toab 281
31. The Toquerville Hoax 292
32. Three Men Sentenced to Be Shot 299
33. The Aftermath 320
34. The Arizona Strip Massacre 336
35. The Afterlife of William Hawkins 340
36. Conclusion? 361
Afterword: Ten Who Bored 363
Bibliography 371
Acknowledgments 383
About the Author 386
Index 387
Descriere
A new, fresh look at the 1869 expedition down the Green and Colorado Rivers led by John Wesley Powell.