This book should settle a long stranding argument between natural selection along with its supporting theory random mutations versus inherited acquired characteristics. The public has heard primarily the Darwinian side of the arguments that is supported by random mutations. Now, at the molecular level, one can see what actually happens in bacteriophage, which inevitably reflects the patterns of the entire evolutionary process because all life uses the same processes. The surprising outcome of research shows inherited acquired characteristics to be the process of evolution and follows present thinking in Kalinnikov's holistic theory of evolution which includes the unpredictability inherent in matter and energy but goes beyond the material to show that the motivation is due to the process of epigenetics. The book gives the historical background of this battle and the tragic case of Dr. Paul Kammerer who championed inherited acquired characteristics expounded by Lamarck. The neo-Darwinists destroyed him by false accusations and refusing to see what was clearly evident of inherited acquired characteristics in his experiments. Lamarck, the true father of evolution and the first to write a theory of evolution based on natural science in 1809 can now be exonerated from all the distortions of his theory that the natural selection advocates have perpetuated to eliminate his theory from being considered. What is not reported is the fact that Darwin himself confided in a letter to his cousin Galton that natural section was inadequate for explaining evolution and drifted more toward inherited acquired characteristics which is reflected in his 6th edition of his famous work-seldom read by followers of Darwin.