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The Psychotherapist's Guide to Psychopharmacology

Autor M.D. Gitlin, Michael J.
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 30 apr 1996
The last twenty-five years have witnessed an explosion of knowledge about the influence of brain biochemistry on mood and behavior and about pharmacological approaches to treating mental and emotional disorders. A substantial portion of patients seen in clinical practice are taking some medication or might usefully be advised to do so. But many clinical psychologists, social workers, and counselors need additional information in order to better treat patients already on medication, know when and to whom to refer new patients for psychiatric consultation, and work collaboratively with psychiatrists when appropriate.
Michael J. Gitlin's indispensable first edition of "The Psychotherapists Guide to Psychopharmacology" has now been updated and revised -- this new second edition now reflects major changes that have influenced the clinical arena in the last five years such as the recent release of DSM-IV and the domination of the psychopharmacological field by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine (Prozac). "The Psychotherapists Guide to Psychopharmacology, Second Edition" also now includes coverage of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and contains updated sections on the new antipsychotics for schizophrenia and the increased use of anticonvulsant mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder. The book also includes other significant changes that have influenced the field over the last few years, such as brain imaging studies, research in obsessive compulsive disorder and social phobia, and such prominent topics in women's health as pregnancy, PMS, postpartum disorders, and breast feeding.
This revision of an already established guide will again be an essential reference for all nonmedical professionals involved in treating mental and emotional disorders.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780684827377
ISBN-10: 0684827379
Pagini: 560
Dimensiuni: 164 x 241 x 42 mm
Greutate: 0.77 kg
Ediția:2 SUB
Editura: Simon&Schuster
Colecția Free Pr

Notă biografică

Michael J. Gitlin, M.D. is an authority on psychopharmacology who has published numerous articles. He is Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Affective Disorders Program and of the General Outpatient Clinic at the UCLA Neuropsychiatric Hospital.

Textul de pe ultima copertă

Michael J. Gitlin's indispensable first edition of The Psychotherapist's Guide to Psychopharmacology has now been updated and revised - this new second edition now reflects major changes that have influenced the clinical arena in the last five years such as the recent release of DSM-IV and the domination of the psychopharmacological field by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine (Prozac). The Psychotherapist's Guide to Psychopharmacology, Second Edition also now includes coverage of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and contains updated sections on the new antipsychotics for schizophrenia and the increased use of anticonvulsant mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder. The book also includes other significant changes that have influenced the field over the last few years, such as brain imaging studies, research in obsessive compulsive disorder and social phobia, and such prominent topics in women's health as pregnancy, PMS, postpartum disorders, and breast feeding. This revision of an already established guide will again be an essential reference for all nonmedical professionals involved in treating mental and emotional disorders.

Cuprins


Contents

List of Illustrations and Tables

Preface

Acknowledgments

SECTION ONE

1. Diagnosis and Treatment: Basic Principles

Descriptive Psychiatry and DSM-IV

Pharmacotherapy and Its Implications for Other Therapies

Evaluating Treatments: The Meaning of the Word Effective

Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Some General Issues in Psychopharmacological Treatment

FDA Approval and PDR Doses

Polypharmacy

Practice Guidelines

Who Should Have a Medication Consultation?

SECTION TWO

2. Biological Basis of Psychopharmacology

Neurotransmission: How Cells Communicate

How Medications Work

Neurotransmitters That Help Regulate Mood and Behavior

Neuroimaging Techniques in Psychiatric Disorders

Biological Hypotheses of the Major Psychiatric Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

Anxiety Disorders

SECTION THREE

3. Mood Disorders

Diagnosis

Major Depression

Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder

Melancholic Depression

Major Depression with Psychotic Features

Atypical Depression

Seasonal Depression

Postpartum Depression


Bipolar Disorder

Natural History, Epidemiology, and Genetics

Presentations of Mild Mood Disorders

Dysthymia

Cyclothymia

Recurrent Brief Depressions and Minor Depressions

Medical Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation

Medications Causing Depression

Laboratory Evaluation

Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis

Depression

Mourning

Demoralization

Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood

Premenstrual Syndrome

Dementia Syndromes


Mania

Psychopharmacological Treatment

Pharmacotherapy of Major Depression (Unipolar Depression)

First-Line Agents

Second-Line Agents

Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors

Electroconvulsive Treatment


Other Options

Mood Stabilizers

Stimulants

Light Therapy

Antianxiety Agents


Strategies Used in Treatment-Resistant Depressions

Continuation Treatment of Unipolar Depression

Maintenance Treatment of Unipolar Disorder

Pharmacotherapy of Bipolar Disorder

Treatment of Acute Manic Episodes

Continuation Treatment of Manic or Hypomanic Episodes

Bipolar Depression -- Acute and Continuation Treatment

Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

4. Anxiety Disorders and Insomnia

Diagnosis

Natural History, Epidemiology, and Genetics

Medical Differential Diagnosis

Medical and Laboratory Evaluation

Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis

Psychopharmacological Treatment

Acute Treatment of Panic Disorder

Continuation and Maintenance Treatment for Panic Disorder

Social Phobia

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Continuation and Maintenance

Treatment of Generalized Anxiety

Insomnia

Diagnosis

Treatment

5. Schizophrenia and Related Disorders

Diagnosis

Subtypes of Schizophrenia

Natural History, Epidemiology, and Genetics

Disorders Related to Schizophrenia

Schizophreniform Disorder

Schizoaffective Disorder

Delusional Disorder

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Medical Differential Diagnosis

Laboratory Evaluation

Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis

Psychopharmacological Treatment

Psychopharmacological Treatment of Acute Schizophrenia

Alternative Treatments of Acute Schizophrenia

Acute Treatment of Schizoaffective Disorder

Continuation Treatment of Acute Schizophrenia

Maintenance Treatment of Schizophrenia

Maintenance Treatment of Schizoaffective Disorder

Treatment of Depression in Schizophrenia

6. Disorders of Impulse Control: Eating Disorders, Drug and Alcohol Abuse, and Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Eating Disorders

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Psychopharmacological Treatment

Alcohol and Drug Abuse

Alcohol Abuse

Cocaine Abuse

Opiate Abuse (Heroin and Narcotic Analgesics)

Other Drugs

7. Personality Disorders

Diagnosis

Subtypes

Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric Personality Disorders

Cluster B: Emotional or Chaotic Personality Disorders

Cluster C: Anxious or Fearful Personality Disorders

Natural History, Epidemiology, and Genetics

Psychopharmacological Treatment of Personality Disorders

Conceptual Models of Pharmacotherapy: What Are We Treating?

Psychopharmacological Treatment of Specific Personality Disorders

Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric Personality Types Cluster

B: Emotional or Chaotic Personality Types Cluster

C: Anxious or Fearful Types

Depressive Spectrum Personality Disorders

Management Issues

8. Treatment of Special Populations: Children/Adolescents, the Elderly, and Women

Child and Adolescent Disorders

Mood Disorders

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Childhood Schizophrenia

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Syndrome, and Related Entities

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Anxiety Disorders

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Sleep Disorders

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Behavioral Conditions

Enuresis

Conduct Disorder

Aggressive, Destructive Behavior in Mentally Retarded Children


Tourette's Disorder

Diagnosis

Pharmacotherapy


Geriatric Disorders

Pharmacotherapy for Common Disorders

Mood Disorders

Psychotic Disorders

Anxiety Disorders and Insomnia


Medications Used in Treating Dementias

Female-Specific Issues and Disorders

Premenstrual Syndrome

Medications During Pregnancy

Antidepressants

Antianxiety Drugs

Mood Stabilizers

Antipsychotics

Electroconvulsive Treatment


Postpartum Period and Breastfeeding

Menopause

SECTION FOUR

9. Antidepressants

History

Classification

Cyclic Antidepressants

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Choosing a Cyclic Antidepressant

Antidepressant Classes: Prescribing Techniques and Side Effects

General Principles

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Novel Antidepressants

Tricyclic Antidepressants (and Related Compounds)


Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Choice of Agents and Techniques for Prescribing

Food and Drug Interactions

Other Side Effects

10. Lithium and Other Mood Stabilizers

History

Lithium

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Techniques for Prescribing

Side Effects

Lithium's Effects on Thyroid and Kidneys

Lithium Toxicity

Lithium Discontinuation

Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers

Carbamazepine

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Techniques for Prescribing

Side Effects


Valproate

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Techniques for Prescribing

Side Effects


11. Antianxiety Medications and Hypnotics

History

Benzodiazepines

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Choosing a Benzodiazepine

Techniques for Prescribing

Benzodiazepine Withdrawal

Other Side Effects

Zolpidem Buspirone

Nonbarbiturate Sedatives and Hypnotics

Barbiturates

L-Tryptophan and Melatonin

Antihistamines

Clonidine

Beta-blockers

In the Future

12. Antipsychotics

History

Clinical Uses

Biologic Effects

Choosing an Antipsychotic

Atypical Antipsychotics

Techniques for Prescribing

Side Effects

Acute Side Effects

Dystonic Reactions

Akinesia

Akathisia

Neuroleptic

Malignant Syndrome


Non-Neurological Side Effects

Tardive Dyskinesia

Antiparkinsonian Medications

13. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT); Stimulants

ECT

Clinical Uses

Mechanisms of Action

Techniques of Administration

Side Effects

Stimulants

Clinical Uses

Mechanisms of Action

Techniques of Administration

Side Effects

SECTION FIVE

14. The Split Treatment Model: Interactions Between Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy

Early Models, Early Problems

Psychotherapy/Pharmacotherapy Interactions: Theoretical Issues

Therapeutic Split Model

Advantages of the Split Model

Disadvantages of the Split Model

Psychodynamics of Psychopharmacology

Patient Education

Medication Compliance: Intra- and Interpersonal Factors

Technical Aspects of Split Treatment

Choosing a Psychopharmacologist

Finding a Psychopharmacologist in Your Community or Group

The Consultation Process

The Initial Consultation

Working in an Ongoing Split Treatment


Appendix: Psychiatric Medications

References

Index